AOD-9604

The overview

What is AOD-9604?

AOD-9604 is a synthetic 16-residue analogue of the C-terminal lipolytic domain of human growth hormone (residues 176–191), with an added N-terminal tyrosine. It is studied because, in adipocyte and rodent models, it reproduces the lipolytic (fat-mobilizing) signaling of the parent hormone's C-terminal fragment without engaging the growth-hormone receptor and without stimulating IGF-1 production - separating the fragment's metabolic signaling from classical GH-receptor activity. Mechanistic work associates its lipolytic readout with up-regulation of beta-3 adrenergic receptor signaling in fat-cell models rather than direct GH-receptor agonism. The two cysteine residues form an intramolecular disulfide that constrains the fragment's conformation. All description is in-vitro and preclinical receptor/metabolic-signaling characterization; no human therapeutic or efficacy claim is made.

In the research

Where AOD-9604 shows up

The areas researchers focus on with AOD-9604 - and why it has the science community paying attention.

• Adipocyte lipolysis-signaling models (β3-adrenergic pathway)
• GH-receptor-independent metabolic-fragment studies
• Structure-activity work on the hGH 176–191 domain

By the numbers

The facts that matter

To the molecule

Molecular specifications

Sourced, not claimed

The science behind it

The peer-reviewed studies behind AOD-9604, linked so you can read them yourself.

1. Heffernan, M. A., et al. (2001). The effects of human GH and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on lipid metabolism following chronic treatment in obese mice and beta(3)-AR knock-out mice. Endocrinology.

   “AOD9604 reduced body weight and increased lipolytic activity, effects associated with beta-3 adrenergic receptor expression.”

   DOI ↗PubMed ↗

Straight answers

Questions, answered